The UK may not be renowned for its unwavering sunshine, but solar panels are becoming increasingly popular across rooftops and fields nationwide — and for good reason. With many of us aiming to be more environmentally conscious, renewable energy sources such as solar power are a logical choice.
If you’re considering installing solar panels, it’s helpful to understand how they work and what you can expect from your setup. Our guide is here to provide all the information you need, from what these clever panels are made from to how many you’re likely to need to keep your home, boat, or caravan topped up with the sun’s energy.
Solar panel basics: What are they?
Put simply, solar panels harness the sun’s energy, converting it into electricity. You may also hear them referred to as ‘photovoltaic panels’ or ‘PV panels’. But what are solar panels made of?
Most solar panels are made from silicone cells contained within a frame covered with a glass panel, although semi-flexible panels are available. You can install solar panels on rooftops or set up freestanding ones.
Types of solar panels
It’s worth noting that, while most solar panels are made from silicone, there are three main types.
- Monocrystalline solar panels: Considered one of the most efficient solar panels, monocrystalline solar panel cells are made from single-crystal silicone.PERC cells are a further development to increase efficiency.
- Polycrystalline solar panels: In contrast, polycrystalline solar panel cells feature multiple silicone crystals. Although they can be less efficient than their monocrystalline counterparts, they’re generally cheaper.
- Back Contact Cell Panels: These Panels use the latest cell technology to maximise the amount of surface area the panel can use to generate power. They are ideal for semi-flexible solar panels.
Both monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar panels are popular choices for most static rooftops. However, due to their high efficiency and back contact panels they are a great option for harnessing solar power on the move, making them a handy choice for boats, caravans, and other vehicles.
How do solar panels work?
We can see that solar panels transform the sun’s energy into electricity, but what’s the process? Let’s break it down into steps.
- Sunlight hits the PV cells in your solar panels.
- The energy from the sunlight frees electrons in the silicone cells, creating an electrical charge.
- The electrical charge produces a direct current (DC).
- The DC can be used for battery charging or an inverter transforms the direct current into an alternating current (AC), which can power appliances.
Do you need a solar panel battery?
Installing solar panels on their own can be a fantastic step towards generating affordable electricity from a renewable source.
However, if you really want to get the most out of your solar panel installation, you might want to consider a solar battery. These can store excess energy your solar panels harness, allowing you to use it later — for example, in the winter when there’s less direct sunlight. For off-grid applications, a battery is essential.
Solar panel pros and cons
Whether you’re considering solar panels for your home, a commercial building, or a vehicle, it’s important to weigh the pros and cons to ensure this type of renewable energy is right for you. With this in mind, let’s look at the advantages and disadvantages of solar panels.
Pros
- A renewable energy source: Solar panels offer a way to generate electricity without relying on fossil fuels, making them an environmentally friendly option. They are low-carbon and can reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions you produce.
- Lower energy costs: Beyond the initial installation costs, solar panels are cheap to run and allow you to generate free electricity, lowering your existing energy costs.
- Energy independence: With less reliance on the national grid, you can reduce your dependence on imported fuel. For off-grid applications, you can reduce use of generators, electrical hook-ups or marina charges on boats.
- Low-maintenance: Solar panels require little ongoing maintenance. The occasional clean to remove debris should do the trick, keeping your panels going for 20 to 30 years.
Cons
- Upfront cost: The initial purchase and installation are the biggest costs associated with solar panels. Depending on how many solar panels you need, for your specific application, you may wish to install them yourself.
- Space requirements: A solar panel system takes up space, so you need to make sure you have enough room for installation.Wondering how many solar panels you’ll need? Your best bet is to speak to one of our sales engineers for an accurate idea.
- Weather dependency: Although solar panels absorb ambient light, you get the best results from direct sunlight, which can be inconsistent — particularly in the UK. This means that, although your panels will still generate electricity in cloudy or winter conditions, they may not be as efficient as in the summer.
Solar panel applications
Solar panels can be an excellent investment for homes and businesses. But did you know their uses aren’t limited to rooftops? Here are a few other ways you can harness solar power.
Boats
Marine solar panels highlight just how flexible and durable photovoltaics can be. Whether you’re looking to power a houseboat or a leisure yacht, solar panels can keep you running. Dedicated marine solar panels are strong and flexible, allowing them to withstand harsh conditions at sea, and you can even install panels that are durable enough to walk on.
Our Spectralite offer excellent value as well as professional quality.
Caravans
If you’re a keen motorhome or caravan enthusiast, solar panels can be a great alternative to a traditional generator. As well as being quieter, cheaper, and more lightweight than generators, caravan solar panels are perfect for running lighting and small appliances for a comfortable holiday.
We recommend sleek yet powerful PV panels, like the Spectra PERC model.
Bus shelters
Solar panels are suited for powering more than home appliances — you can install them on bus shelters to provide safer waiting areas for passengers. Our Bus Shelter Solar Panel Kit has all you need to illuminate bus stops using renewable energy.
Signage
Businesses searching for eye-catching signs that don’t lead to excessive energy bills could benefit from solar-powered signage. As well as being a cost-effective way to create illuminated signs that will draw your customers, our solar signage solutions use Spectralite panels to showcase your company’s dedication to renewable energy.
Are solar panels worth it?
Now you have the basics of solar power under your belt, we come to the big question: Are solar panels worth the investment? While the initial installation has an upfront cost, solar panels can help lower your existing energy costs and carbon footprint in the long run.
To learn more about our solar panels and see if they’re suitable for your lifestyle, please don’t hesitate to contact the team at Marlec Engineering. With over 40 years experience in the renewable energy industry, we have the expert knowledge and insight to help you find the best solar panels for your needs. Contact us today. Ready to purchase solar panels? Shop our range of solar panel solutions online.